Orhan Gazi, The Second Ottoman Sultan
The immediate successor of Osman I, the founder of the Ottoman Empire, was his son Orhan Gazi. Orhan became the second Ottoman Sultan and ruled from 1326 until his death in 1362. During his reign, Orhan continued the expansion of the Ottoman Empire, consolidating control over much of Anatolia and pushing into the Balkans. He is credited with laying the foundations of the Ottoman state, establishing administrative and legal systems that would shape the empire for centuries to come. One of Orhan's most significant achievements was the capture of the city of Bursa in 1326, which became the first Ottoman capital. He oversaw the construction of many important buildings and structures in the city, including the Green Mosque and Tomb, which are still standing today and are considered masterpieces of Ottoman architecture. Under Orhan's rule, the Ottoman Empire continued to grow in power and influence. He expanded the Ottoman army, which became known for its formidable Janissary infantr...